Air pollution is a growing environmental and public health concern in rapidly urbanizing cities such as Phnom Penh, Cambodia, where motorcycles account for over 80% of registered vehicles. Despite their dominance, localized data on motorcycle emission characteristics particularly under cold-start conditions remain limited, hindering evidence-based air quality management. This study quantifies particulate matter (PM) emissions from motorcycles dur

This research study investigates the correlation between the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) and the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) for subgrade soil material in Cambodia, which is essential for optimizing road pavement design. In Cambodia, there is a lack of a localized standard correlation equation customized to its unique soil and environmental conditions for estimating CBR value using DCP. This gap is particularly relevant with the recent req

For a low-income Cambodian citizen, commuting to and from work is one of the most dangerous parts of their job. In Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia, low-income citizens commute by truck or long-tail remork. This sort of transportation would be dangerous on the road. Thousands of workers get to and from work every day in vans, but this massive transportation system is almost completely unregulated. Most of the drivers are independent contr

Public transportation in Phnom Penh, Cambodia has undergone significant changes in recent years, with daily ridership increasing from 7,000 at its reintroduction in 2014 to about 20,000 passengers by 2023. Despite this progress, a considerable portion of the buses operate at around 50% of their total capacity, presenting a challenge to the system’s efficiency and sustainability. In order to shift Phnom Penh towards a more sustainable transportati

The issue of traffic congestion in Phnom Penh, exacerbated by rapid population growth and construction of flyovers, underscores the need for effective traffic management strategies. In particular, efforts to mitigating congestion during flyover construction, is equally critical for ensuring smoother traffic flow and minimizing disruptions for commuters. This study proposed and evaluated several alternative solutions to minimize traffic congestion

Pedestrian safety, especially for schoolchildren, constitutes a world concern. For the condition of peak hour, we observed that there are many urgent problems of conflicting between traffic flow on the road and the pedestrian crossing but it varied through two underlying factors, road type which refer to traffic volume and pedestrian (students) volume crossing the road. Traffic conflict would be the best feature of measuring the potential of the

Water taxi (WT) transport has been considered as an alternative solution to help reduce urban traffic congestion in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. This transportation is an alternative mode of travel that can save both time and money. Water taxi service was launched in April 2018 as an alternative public transport mode that allows users to save both time and cost. WT was suspended in March 2020 due to the spread of Covid-19 pandemic and was reopened in No

Walkability is a measure that assesses the extent to which roadways are conducive to pedestrian walking. Walking, being an eco-friendly means of transportation, has many advantages including minimized adverse environmental effects, enhanced individual autonomy, and improved physical well-being. The aim of this research is to calculate an enhanced Walkability Index by considering nine variables. Additionally, it aims to assess the significance and

California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value has been widely used to evaluate pavement foundation characteristics. To minimize the effect of human errors, cost, and time for selecting soil subgrade soil for roads, the CBR value can be developed using regression techniques by performing numerous CBR and physical tests considering different soil types. The main objective of this study was to examine the correlation of CBR value with soil properties of road

Traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems facing by not only the developed countries, but also by developing countries, including Cambodia. Efforts have been made to minimize urban traffic congestion in order to improve the traffic flow. This paper intends to provide the best alternative solutions to improve traffic flow at a busy intersection in Phnom Penh, Cambodia—i.e., Neakvoan intersection. Three alternative solutions were propo