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Evaluation of Dispersive Soil Characteristics in Cambodia
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Published: August 31,2026Evaluation of Dispersive Soil Characteristics in Cambodia
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1. Research and Development Center, Nippon Koei Co., LTD., 2304, Inarihara, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
Received: November 03,2025 / Revised: July 30,2026 / / Accepted: August 25,2026 / Available online: October 31,2026
Problematic soils, including dispersive and swelling types, create major construction obstacles for projects in Southeast Asia and Africa. In Cambodia, soil conditions have caused two major problems: irrigation system failures and riverbank erosion. This research examines the dispersive properties of soils in Cambodia through laboratory analysis of 17 soil samples, which were gathered from Kandal, Kampong Chhnang, Pursat, and Battambang Provinces. Three ASTM standard methods were applied: the Crumb Test (ASTM D6572), the Double Hydrometer Test (ASTM D4221), and the Pinhole Test (ASTM D4647). The Crumb Test evaluated turbidity and particle cloud formation to visually classify soil dispersibility and was used for preliminary observation. The Double Hydrometer Test used the percentage dispersion ratio (Dp) to measure dispersibility. The Pinhole Test measured flow rate and turbidity at different hydraulic heads. The results show that most of the soils from various provinces in Cambodia were classified as dispersive soils.
